Top Tourist Destinations in Kazakhstan – Best Places to Visit

Kazakhstan is a land of stunning contrasts, where modernity meets rich history and dramatic landscapes. Nestled at the heart of Central Asia, this vast nation boasts an array of captivating tourist destinations that blend culture, adventure, and natural beauty. From bustling cities to serene national parks, Kazakhstan offers a unique travel experience waiting to be discovered.

Almaty, the cultural epicenter, serves as a gateway to some of the country’s most breathtaking sites. Visitors can explore vibrant urban life alongside pristine natural settings, like the azure waters of Big Almaty Lake and the rugged trails of Turgen Gorge. Each destination showcases the diverse wonders of Kazakhstan, appealing to nature lovers, historians, and adventure seekers alike.

In this article, we will journey through some of Kazakhstan’s most remarkable tourist destinations, ranging from the historical depths of Turkistan to the thrilling heights of the Dzungarian Alatau Mountains. Join us as we uncover the treasures that make Kazakhstan a must-visit destination for every traveler.

Almaty: The Cultural Epicenter

Almaty, the largest city in Kazakhstan, is a stunning blend of culture and nature. Nestled against a mountainous backdrop, it’s the perfect starting point for exploring the country’s beauty. The Central State Museum showcases Kazakhstan’s rich history, making it a must-visit.

Panfilov Park, with its iconic Zenkov Cathedral, adds to Almaty’s charm. This city isn’t just a cultural hub; it’s also a gateway to nearby ski resorts and national parks. Adventure enthusiasts will find plenty to explore.

Almaty is renowned for its clean and safe environment, offering a diverse atmosphere. Visitors can enjoy upscale wine lounges, amazing restaurants, and cozy cafes. The green parks scattered throughout the city enhance its landscape, making it an appealing cosmopolitan destination in Central Asia.

Key Attractions in Almaty:

• Central State Museum: Exploring Kazakhstan’s history.
• Panfilov Park: Home to the Zenkov Cathedral.
• Outdoor Activities: Proximity to ski resorts and national parks.

Whether you’re a history buff or an adventure seeker, Almaty provides an unforgettable experience for every traveler.

Big Almaty Lake: Nature’s Gem

Big Almaty Lake, nestled in the Trans-Ili Alatau Mountains near Almaty, is a stunning natural landmark. Its striking blue waters attract nature enthusiasts year-round. Framed by snow-capped peaks, the lake offers breathtaking views that make it a must-visit for anyone exploring Kazakhstan’s beautiful places.

Visitors can engage in various outdoor activities like hiking, picnicking, and photography. These experiences offer an excellent opportunity to connect with nature.

Getting to Big Almaty Lake is easy. You can take a taxi or join an organized tour. A one-way taxi ride costs around 3000 tenge (approximately $9-10). Be sure to bring a passport, water, snacks, and proper hiking boots. These essentials will enhance your adventure.

Essentials Checklist:

• Passport
• Water and snacks
• Proper hiking boots

Big Almaty Lake serves as a perfect day trip for those visiting Almaty, offering both natural beauty and a chance to unwind.

Turgen Gorge: A Hiker’s Paradise

Located just 80km east of Almaty, Turgen Gorge is part of the Ile Alatau National Park, making it perfect for nature lovers. This destination boasts dense forests, stunning lakes, and alpine meadows. Visitors can enjoy seven enchanting waterfalls and even relax in hot springs.

Adventurers can explore Turgen Gorge in many ways. Options include hiking, mountain biking, or horseback riding. Each method provides a unique perspective of this picturesque environment. Popular spots within the gorge include the Turgen Waterfalls and the Church of Archangel Mikhail. The Kairakskiy Waterfall is another must-see attraction.

With an entrance fee of just 200 tenge per person, you gain access to a world of incredible landscapes and rich biodiversity. Animal enthusiasts can spot marmots, deer, ibex, and even golden eagles.

Highlights of Turgen Gorge

• Seven Waterfalls: A paradise for waterfall lovers.
• Rich Wildlife: Home to species like marmots and golden eagles.
• Outdoor Activities: Options for hiking, biking, and horseback riding.

In Turgen Gorge, every visitor finds something that captures the spirit of adventure and natural beauty.

Ile-Alatau National Park: Alpine Adventures

Ile-Alatau National Park is just 40 kilometers south of Almaty. Known for its stunning landscapes, the park features grass steppes, alpine forests, and snow-capped mountains. It is a paradise for hikers and adventurers.

Top Attractions:

1. Turgen Gorge: Explore dense forests, alpine meadows, and seven picturesque waterfalls.
2. Biodiversity Hotspot: Home to diverse flora and fauna, the park plays a key role in Kazakhstan’s biodiversity.

In 2022, the park attracted about 628,000 tourists, making it the most visited site in Kazakhstan. Visitors can enjoy various outdoor activities, from hiking to wildlife spotting.

Activities:

• Hike scenic trails
• Discover unique plant and animal species
• Enjoy breathtaking mountain views

Whether you’re a nature enthusiast or looking for a peaceful escape, Ile-Alatau National Park offers something for everyone. Its natural beauty and diverse ecosystem make it a must-visit destination in Kazakhstan.

Kolsai Lakes: Picturesque Scenery

Kolsai Lakes National Park is a gem of Kazakhstan’s natural beauty. Situated along the northern edge of the Tien Shan Ridge, it showcases breathtaking alpine scenery. The park features three stunning lakes, perched between 1,800 and 2,700 meters above sea level. These crystal-clear lakes are a magnet for nature lovers and adventure seekers alike.

Recreational Opportunities:

• Hiking
• Horse Riding

These activities offer visitors a chance to explore the picturesque landscapes at their own pace. The area is rich in flora, boasting twelve rare species found primarily in its protected regions. This biodiversity is enhanced by the presence of lush alpine and spruce vegetation, adding further to its splendor.

Highlights of Kolsai Lakes:

Kolsai Lakes National Park is an ideal destination for those seeking natural beauty and outdoor adventure. Whether you’re hiking through vibrant alpine meadows or enjoying a peaceful horse ride, Kolsai Lakes offers an unforgettable experience amidst Kazakhstan’s stunning landscapes.

Charyn Canyon: A Natural Wonder

Charyn Canyon, often called the Grand Canyon of Kazakhstan, is a sight to behold. Spanning 154 km, this geological marvel took 12 million years to form. It boasts several unique sections like the Valley of Castles, Yellow Canyon, Red Canyon, and Bestamak Canyon. Each offers distinct landscapes and exploration opportunities.

With depths ranging from 200 to 300 meters, the canyon is famous for its vibrant rock formations. Its shifting colors and towering cliffs draw adventurers and nature lovers alike.

Popular Activities:

• Hiking
• Rafting
• Wildlife Spotting

Nearby Attractions:

1. Kolsai Lakes
2. Lake Kaindy

Many tour packages include trips to these nearby sites for a full adventure experience. Whether for the stunning views or the thrill of exploration, Charyn Canyon is truly one of the top tourist destinations in Kazakhstan.

For those planning a trip, consider combining your Charyn Canyon adventure with visits to nearby lakes for a complete encounter with Kazakhstan’s natural beauty.

Altyn-Emel National Park: Unique Landscapes

Altyn-Emel National Park, spanning 4,600 square kilometers, offers a mesmerizing array of landscapes. The park’s geological formations, like the white, red, and orange Aktau hills and the Katutau volcanoes massif, are truly breathtaking.

One of the park’s unique features includes the famous Singing Dunes. As the wind moves the sand, these dunes produce a low, vibrating sound similar to an engine. Birdwatchers will also find delight in Altyn-Emel, as it is home to over 230 avian species.

For history enthusiasts, the park showcases the Terekty Petroglyphs and 31 Scythian tombs. This enriches the park’s already significant historical appeal.

Here’s a quick overview of what makes Altyn-Emel special:

Whether you’re interested in natural wonders or rich history, Altyn-Emel has something to offer.

Turkistan: A Journey into History

Turkistan, one of Kazakhstan’s most historic cities, offers a rich cultural experience for travelers. It is the administrative center of the region and is highly accessible, located near the Syr Darya river, about 160 kilometers northwest of Shymkent.

A highlight of Turkistan is the stunning Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is dedicated to the Sufi philosopher and poet Khoja Ahmed Yasawi and dates back to the 14th century. Its architectural grandeur makes it a must-see landmark in the city.

Key Attractions:

1. Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi: A masterpiece of ancient architecture and cultural heritage.
2. Friday Mosque: Known for its vibrant domed architecture, complementing the mausoleum.

Visitor Tips:

• Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn offer mild weather.
• Nearby Attractions: Consider visiting Shymkent for additional exploration.

Visitors will find that Turkistan is more than just a city—it’s a journey into Kazakhstan’s rich past. Its blend of history and beauty makes it an essential stop for anyone exploring this fascinating country.

Baikonur Cosmodrome: Space Exploration Legacy

Baikonur Cosmodrome is a historic landmark in Kazakhstan. It is the first and largest space launch site in the world. Located on Kazakhstan’s dry steppes, it was the launchpad for Yuri Gagarin’s historic flight in 1961. This event marked a key moment in space exploration.

Visitors can immerse themselves in this rich history with guided tours. They can watch space launches and learn about space technology up close. However, visiting Baikonur requires a special permit. This permit can be costly, making access limited.

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Baikonur is now administratively managed by Russia. The Russian ruble is used as the currency here. Despite these changes, it remains a vital hub for space missions.

Key Features:

• Historic Significance
• Guided Tours Available
• Russian Management & Currency
• Access Requires Special Permit

Baikonur’s contribution to space exploration continues to fascinate people around the world. If you’re interested in space, it is a must-visit destination, despite the access challenges.

Dzungarian Alatau Mountains: Untamed Wilderness

The Dzungarian Alatau Mountains offer an untamed wilderness that is often overlooked. While many flock to the Ile Alatau Mountains, these peaks hold secrets worth discovering. Nestled within them is Burkhan-Bulak, Kazakhstan’s highest waterfall, which draws nature lovers and adventurous travelers.

Highlights of the Dzungarian Alatau

• Burkhan-Bulak Waterfall: The tallest in Kazakhstan, ideal for awe-inspiring photos.
• Lake Jasylkol: A serene spot that enhances the region’s natural beauty.
• Dzungarian Gate: A historical passage once vital for Silk Road caravans.
• Altyn-Emel National Park: Features sand dunes, healing springs, and ancient petroglyphs.

This region’s rich history and natural beauty make it a hidden gem. Whether you’re standing in awe at its majestic peaks or exploring the ancient paths of Silk Road merchants, the Dzungarian Alatau Mountains promise an unforgettable experience.

Explore these highlights for a unique adventure in a less-traveled part of Kazakhstan.

Caspian Sea: Coastal Charm

The Caspian Sea, the largest lake on Earth, is a remnant of the ancient Tethys Ocean. It holds vast reservoirs of minerals and oil, making it an economic powerhouse. Additionally, the Caspian Sea is a major producer of black caviar, a delicacy in the fishing industry. Its shores teem with diverse wildlife, emphasizing its ecological significance.

Aktau is a key city on the Kazakh coast of the Caspian Sea. It is a favorite spot for tourists with its sandy beaches, hotels, cafes, and restaurants. This resort city offers a blend of relaxation and comfort, perfect for visitors seeking leisure.

For those desiring solitude, the Caspian Sea has spotless, unspoiled beaches. These locations offer a unique charm distinct from the hustle and bustle of tropical destinations.

Key Features of the Caspian Coast:

• Aktau City: Resorts, beaches, and dining
• Wildlife: Rich ecological diversity
• Unspoiled Beaches: Ideal for a peaceful retreat

Explore the Caspian Sea’s coastal charm for its mix of nature and modern amenities.

The Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi: A UNESCO Site

The Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi is a stunning UNESCO World Heritage Site in Turkestan, Kazakhstan. Designed by Amir Timur, it serves as the tomb of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, a prominent Turkic Sufi saint. He played a key role in bringing Islam to Central Asia.

Turkestan is known as Kazakhstan’s spiritual and historical heart. Every year, thousands of pilgrims visit the mausoleum, seeking spiritual fulfillment. This site is aptly called the Spiritual Capital of the Turkic world.

The mausoleum stands as an excellent example of Silk Road architecture. It blends history and spirituality in design and purpose.

Here are some key features of the Mausoleum:

• Architectural Significance: A masterpiece of Turkic architecture.
• Historical Importance: The tomb of a significant religious figure.
• Location: Near the Syr Darya river in a city over 15 centuries old.

Its rich heritage and architectural grandeur make the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi a must-visit in Kazakhstan. Whether you’re a history buff or a spiritual seeker, this site offers an enriching experience.

Medeu Skating Rink: High-Altitude Fun

Medeu Skating Rink is the world’s largest outdoor ice-skating rink. Located near Almaty in the Malaya Almatinka Valley, it’s a premier destination for winter sports enthusiasts. The rink operates from November to March. It attracts both local winter sports lovers and tourists alike.

The rink stands at a high altitude, making it perfect for outdoor skating and skiing activities. It’s situated close to Ile-Alatau National Park, which offers various hiking trails and scenic views.

Visitors can enjoy not just skating but a variety of adventure and leisure activities. Nearby, the Shymbulak ski resort is known for its high-quality skiing facilities.

Highlights:

• Location: Near Almaty
• Altitude: High
• Operating Months: November – March
• Nearby Attractions:
• • Ile-Alatau National Park
  • Shymbulak Ski Resort

Medeu is a must-visit for those seeking thrill and natural beauty in Kazakhstan. With its perfect blend of winter sports, hiking trails, and stunning vistas, it’s sure to offer an unforgettable experience.

Shymbulak Ski Resort: Winter Sports Haven

Shymbulak Ski Resort, nestled in the Tian Shan Mountains near Almaty, Kazakhstan, is a top destination for winter sports lovers. It boasts breathtaking alpine scenery and pristine slopes that thrill skiers and snowboarders alike. The resort features modern infrastructure and world-class facilities, making it one of Central Asia’s premier skiing sites.

Shymbulak offers a variety of trails suitable for all skill levels. Beginners can enjoy gentle slopes, while seasoned skiers can tackle more challenging runs. The resort caters to everyone, ensuring exhilarating experiences.

Visitors opting for a day trip can explore the nearby Medeu ice rink, renowned as the highest outdoor skating rink globally. This combination of skiing and skating makes Shymbulak truly special.

Getting to Shymbulak is easy from Almaty, enhancing its popularity among both locals and tourists. With its modern amenities and stunning natural beauty, Shymbulak is a must-visit for anyone seeking winter recreation in Kazakhstan.

Facilities at Shymbulak

• Breathtaking alpine views
• Modern ski lifts
• Trails for all skill levels
• Nearby Medeu ice rink

Whether you’re a novice or a seasoned skier, Shymbulak promises a memorable experience.

Monument of Independence: National Pride

The Monument of Independence stands proudly in the capital city, Nur-Sultan. This iconic structure symbolizes Kazakhstan’s journey to becoming a sovereign nation. Located at Independence Square, it is a central hub for gatherings and celebrations.

Often compared to the Bayterek Tower, the design of the Monument of Independence captures the essence of Kazakh culture. Nearby, the Kazak Eli Monument complements it. Together, they highlight the country’s rich history and cultural heritage.

The area around the Monument of Independence reflects themes of freedom and pride. It serves as a vital part of the national identity. Many citizens and visitors gather here to enjoy this majestic reminder of the nation’s past and future.

Key Highlights:

• Location: Independence Square, Nur-Sultan
• Comparable Structure: Bayterek Tower
• Nearby Landmark: Kazak Eli Monument
• Themes: Sovereignty, Freedom, Pride

This area not only represents Kazakhstan’s past achievements but also its vibrant future. For anyone visiting Nur-Sultan, it is a must-see destination.

Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve: Biodiversity Hotspot

The Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve is a treasure trove of biodiversity in Central Asia. As the oldest nature reserve in the region, it boasts an incredible variety of ecosystems. Over 1,000 plant species flourish here, making it a true biodiversity hotspot. This reserve is a haven for wildlife. It is home to hundreds of animal species, including the elusive and rare snow leopard. Visitors can explore the reserve’s natural beauty by hiking and observing wildlife. The stunning landscapes are sure to amaze anyone who visits.

The Aksu River, which flows through the reserve, is known as “Aksu” or “white water” in Kazakh. It is fed by glacial melt, adding to the reserve’s breathtaking scenery. This area is perfect for those who enjoy nature and want to experience Kazakhstan’s stunning countryside.

Activities at Aksu-Zhabagly:

• Hiking
• Wildlife Observation
• Enjoying Natural Beauty

Key Features of Aksu-Zhabagly:

A visit to Aksu-Zhabagly offers a unique glimpse into a world of rich biodiversity and breathtaking landscapes.